Svetlana ShevchukAzure DevOps skills are becoming more important in today’s tech world. Many businesses are moving to the cloud, and Azure is a top choice. Learning Azure can open up new job opportunities and boost your career in tech.
Azure offers a wide range of services. These include computing, storage, and networking. It also has tools for AI, machine learning, and data analysis. By learning Azure, you can work on exciting projects and solve complex problems.
Getting started with Azure is easier than you might think. There are many free resources and training options available. With some effort, you can quickly build your Azure skills and become more valuable in the job market.
Key Takeaways
- Azure skills are in high demand due to cloud adoption
- Azure offers a variety of services for different tech needs
- Learning Azure can be done through free resources and training
Table of Contents
Understanding Azure Fundamentals
Azure fundamentals form the base of knowledge for working with Microsoft’s cloud platform. We’ll explore key concepts, architecture, and important policies.
Azure Cloud Concepts
Azure is Microsoft’s public cloud computing platform. It offers over 200 services for building, running, and managing applications.
Azure uses a pay-as-you-go pricing model. This means you only pay for what you use.
The platform provides high availability and scalability. It can quickly adjust resources up or down based on demand.
Azure data centers are located around the world. This global reach helps reduce latency and improve performance for users.
Azure Architecture and Services
Azure’s architecture is built on virtualization. It uses a hypervisor to create virtual machines (VMs) from physical hardware.
Key Azure services include:
- Compute: VMs, containers, serverless functions
- Storage: Blob, file, queue, and table storage
- Networking: Virtual networks, load balancers, VPN gateways
- Databases: SQL, NoSQL, and big data solutions
Azure also offers AI, IoT, and DevOps tools. These help businesses innovate and streamline operations.
Compliance, Privacy, Policies, and Trust in Azure
Azure follows strict security and privacy standards. It meets requirements for many industries and regions.
Microsoft invests heavily in protecting customer data. They use advanced encryption and access controls.
Azure complies with global standards like GDPR, HIPAA, and ISO 27001. This helps businesses meet their legal and regulatory needs.
Microsoft provides clear policies on data ownership and use. Customers retain rights to their data stored in Azure.
Regular audits and certifications prove Azure’s commitment to security. This builds trust with customers and partners.
Azure Core Solutions
Azure offers a range of core solutions to meet diverse cloud computing needs. These solutions provide flexible options for businesses to build, deploy, and manage applications and infrastructure in the cloud.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
IaaS gives us control over our computing resources. We can rent virtual machines, storage, and networking from Azure. This lets us avoid buying and maintaining physical hardware.
With IaaS, we manage the operating systems, storage, and networking. Azure takes care of the underlying infrastructure. This model works well for lifting and shifting existing applications to the cloud.
IaaS offers great flexibility. We can scale resources up or down as needed. This helps us save money by only paying for what we use.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS provides a complete development and deployment environment in the cloud. We don’t need to worry about the underlying infrastructure.
Azure manages the operating systems, servers, and networking. We focus on developing and running our applications. This speeds up the development process.
PaaS includes tools for testing, deploying, and scaling applications. It supports the full web application lifecycle. This makes it easier to create web apps and APIs.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
SaaS delivers software applications over the internet. We access these apps through a web browser. There’s no need to install or run the software on our computers.
Azure hosts and manages the application infrastructure and code. We just use the software. This reduces IT costs and simplifies maintenance.
SaaS apps are always up-to-date. Azure handles all updates and patches. This ensures we’re always using the latest version.
Azure Virtual Machines
Azure Virtual Machines (VMs) are on-demand, scalable computing resources. We can create Windows or Linux VMs in seconds.
VMs give us full control over the operating system. We can install custom software and configure the VM to meet our needs. This makes them ideal for testing and development.
We can use VMs to run applications that need more control than other Azure compute options. They’re great for migrating workloads from on-premises to the cloud.
Azure offers a wide range of VM sizes. We can choose the right balance of CPU, memory, and storage for our workloads.
Azure Storage Solutions
Azure Storage provides secure, scalable cloud storage. We can store and retrieve large amounts of data at any time.
Azure offers different types of storage to suit various needs. Blob storage is ideal for unstructured data like images and videos. File storage provides shared storage for cloud or on-premises deployments.
Queue storage helps us build flexible applications. It allows asynchronous message queueing between application components.
Table storage lets us store structured data without a fixed schema. This is useful for web-scale applications.
Azure Storage is highly durable and available. It replicates data to ensure it’s always accessible.
Azure Development and Deployment
Azure offers powerful tools for building and deploying cloud applications. We’ll explore key services that streamline development workflows and enable efficient management of Azure resources.
Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD)
CI/CD practices help teams deliver code changes more quickly and reliably. Azure Pipelines lets us automate builds and deployments. We can set up triggers to run tests and deploy code when changes are pushed to our repository.
Azure Artifacts stores and manages packages for our projects. This makes it easy to share code across teams and ensure everyone uses the same versions.
We can use Azure Test Plans to run automated and manual tests. This helps catch bugs early in the development process.
Azure DevOps
Azure DevOps gives a complete set of tools for managing software projects. It includes features for planning, tracking work, and collaborating with team members.
You can use Azure Boards to plan sprints and track tasks using Kanban boards or Scrum methods. Azure Repos provides Git repositories for source control.
Azure DevOps also integrates with many third-party tools and services. This lets us customize our workflow to fit our team’s needs.
Azure Resource Manager (ARM) Templates
ARM templates let us define and deploy Azure resources using code. We write JSON files that describe the resources we need, like virtual machines or databases.
Using templates makes our deployments more consistent and repeatable. We can version control our infrastructure definitions and roll back changes if needed.
ARM templates support variables and parameters. This lets us reuse the same template for different environments by changing input values.
Azure Automation
Azure Automation helps us manage repetitive tasks across our Azure and on-premises environments. We can create runbooks to automate processes using PowerShell or Python scripts.
We can schedule runbooks to run at set times or trigger them based on events. This is useful for tasks like starting and stopping VMs to save costs.
Azure Automation also offers a shared resources gallery. We can find pre-made runbooks for common tasks and customize them for our needs.
Azure Identity and Security
Azure offers robust identity and security features to protect cloud resources and data. These tools help manage access, enforce policies, and safeguard against threats.
Azure Active Directory
Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) is Microsoft’s cloud-based identity service. It manages user sign-ins and access to resources. Azure AD syncs with on-premises directories for seamless integration.
Key features of Azure AD include:
- Single sign-on (SSO) for cloud apps
- Multi-factor authentication (MFA)
- Conditional access policies
- Self-service password reset
We can use Azure AD to secure both Microsoft and third-party applications. This gives us centralized control over user identities across our entire organization.
Identity Management
Identity management in Azure helps us control who can access what resources. We use it to create and manage user accounts, groups, and roles.
Some key identity management tasks include:
- Creating and deleting user accounts
- Assigning licenses to users
- Managing group memberships
- Setting up guest user access
Azure AD B2B allows us to invite external users to collaborate securely. We can also use Azure AD B2C to manage customer identities for our apps.
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
RBAC lets us grant users only the permissions they need to do their jobs. This follows the principle of least privilege, which improves security.
With RBAC, we can:
- Assign roles to users, groups, or applications
- Create custom roles for specific needs
- Apply roles at different scope levels (subscription, resource group, resource)
Common built-in roles include:
| Role | Description |
|---|---|
| Owner | Full access to all resources |
| Contributor | Can create and manage resources |
| Reader | Can view resources but not make changes |
We use RBAC to ensure users have the right level of access to Azure resources.
Security Best Practices
To keep our Azure environment secure, we follow these best practices:
- Enable MFA for all users
- Use Conditional Access policies
- Monitor sign-in and audit logs
- Regularly review and update access permissions
- Encrypt data at rest and in transit
We also use Azure Security Center to assess our security posture. It provides recommendations and helps us detect threats.
Azure Sentinel offers advanced security information and event management (SIEM). We use it to collect and analyze security data from various sources.
Data and Databases on Azure
Azure offers a range of powerful data and database services. These tools help businesses store, manage, and analyze their data efficiently. Let’s explore some key Azure database options.
Azure SQL Database
Azure SQL Database is a fully managed relational database service. It’s based on the latest version of Microsoft SQL Server. This service scales on demand and offers built-in intelligence.
Azure SQL Database provides:
- Automatic updates and patching
- Built-in high availability
- Automated backups
- Advanced security features
We can easily set up and use Azure SQL Database for our apps. It supports various programming languages and frameworks.
Cosmos DB
Cosmos DB is Azure’s globally distributed, multi-model database service. It’s designed for high performance and scalability across any number of Azure regions.
Key features of Cosmos DB include:
- Support for multiple data models (document, key-value, graph, column-family)
- Automatic and instant scalability
- Guaranteed low latency at the 99th percentile
- Five-nines (99.999%) availability
Cosmos DB is great for apps that need fast, predictable performance and global distribution.
Azure Data Lake
Azure Data Lake is a scalable data storage and analytics service. It’s built to handle big data workloads and supports batch, streaming, and interactive analytics.
Azure Data Lake offers:
- Unlimited storage capacity
- Massively parallel processing
- Support for diverse data types
- Integration with Azure analytics services
We can use Data Lake to store and analyze large amounts of structured and unstructured data.
Azure Data Factory
Azure Data Factory is a cloud-based data integration service. It allows us to create, schedule, and manage data pipelines.
With Data Factory, we can:
- Move data between on-premises and cloud data stores
- Transform data using compute services like Azure HDInsight and Azure Machine Learning
- Monitor and manage pipelines with a rich visual interface
Data Factory helps us build ETL and ELT processes for our data warehousing needs.
Monitoring, Management, and Governance
Azure offers tools to track, control, and oversee cloud resources. These features help keep systems running smoothly and securely.
Azure Monitor
Azure Monitor tracks the health and performance of Azure resources. It collects data from various sources, including virtual machines, databases, and applications.
We can set up alerts to notify us when issues arise. These alerts can trigger automated actions to fix problems quickly.
Azure Monitor also provides detailed logs and metrics. This data helps us spot trends and troubleshoot issues.
Custom dashboards let us view key information at a glance. We can share these dashboards with our team for better collaboration.
Azure Policy
Azure Policy helps enforce rules across our Azure resources. We can create policies to ensure compliance with company standards or industry regulations.
Policies can block non-compliant resources from being created. They can also flag existing resources that don’t meet our rules.
We can apply policies to specific resources, resource groups, or our entire subscription. This flexibility lets us tailor our governance approach.
Azure Policy integrates with other Azure services. For example, it works with Azure DevOps to check compliance during the deployment process.
Azure Service Health
Azure Service Health keeps us informed about the status of Azure services and regions. It provides personalized alerts about issues that might affect our resources.
We can set up notifications for planned maintenance or unexpected outages. These alerts help us plan for downtime and take action if needed.
Service Health also offers a history of past incidents. This information is useful for reviewing our service level agreements (SLAs) with Microsoft.
The Service Health dashboard gives us a clear view of current issues and upcoming maintenance. We can filter this information to focus on the services and regions we care about.
Azure Cost Management and Billing
Azure Cost Management helps us track and control our cloud spending. It provides detailed reports on our resource usage and associated costs.
We can set up budgets and get alerts when we’re close to overspending. This feature helps prevent unexpected bills at the end of the month.
Cost analysis tools let us break down expenses by resource, tag, or time period. We can use this data to optimize our cloud spending.
Azure Advisor integrates with Cost Management to suggest ways to save money. These recommendations might include resizing underused resources or taking advantage of reserved instances.
Azure Networking
Azure networking connects cloud resources and provides secure access to apps and data. It enables hybrid and multi-cloud setups for businesses.
Virtual Networks
Virtual networks in Azure act like private networks in the cloud. They let you group and isolate resources. You can set up subnets within these networks to organize things better.
Virtual networks can link to on-premises networks. This creates a bridge between your local setup and the cloud.
We can also connect different virtual networks. This helps when working across regions or with separate cloud environments.
VPN and ExpressRoute
VPNs create secure tunnels between Azure and other networks. They use public internet for a cost-effective connection.
Site-to-site VPNs link whole networks. Point-to-site VPNs connect individual devices to Azure.
ExpressRoute offers a private, dedicated link to Azure. It bypasses the public internet for better speed and security.
ExpressRoute is ideal for high-bandwidth needs. It’s great for moving large amounts of data or for latency-sensitive apps.
Load Balancers
Load balancers spread network traffic across multiple servers. This improves app performance and availability.
Azure offers two main types:
- Basic Load Balancer: Good for small-scale needs
- Standard Load Balancer: More features, higher availability
Load balancers can work at different network layers:
- Layer 4 (TCP, UDP)
- Layer 7 (HTTP, HTTPS)
They can route traffic based on rules like IP address or request type.
Network Security Groups
Network Security Groups (NSGs) act as a firewall for Azure resources. They control inbound and outbound traffic.
NSGs use rules to allow or deny network access. These rules can be based on:
- IP addresses
- Port numbers
- Protocols
We can apply NSGs to subnets or individual network interfaces. This gives fine-grained control over network security.
NSGs integrate with Azure services like Virtual Machines and Virtual Networks. They’re key to creating secure cloud environments.
Azure Migration
Azure migration involves moving applications, data, and infrastructure to the cloud. It offers benefits like cost savings and improved scalability. Let’s explore key aspects of the migration process.
Azure Migrate Tool
Azure Migrate is a central hub for planning and executing cloud migrations. We use it to assess on-premises environments and plan our move to Azure. The tool helps us discover servers, apps, and databases.
It provides sizing recommendations and cost estimates for Azure resources. We can also use it to track migration progress across multiple projects.
Azure Migrate offers agentless discovery for VMware environments. For Hyper-V and physical servers, we install lightweight agents to gather data.
Database Migration Service
Azure Database Migration Service helps us move databases to the cloud smoothly. It supports migrations from various sources, including SQL Server, MySQL, and PostgreSQL.
We can use it for both offline and online migrations. Offline migrations work well for smaller databases with minimal downtime. Online migrations are better for larger databases that need to stay available during the move.
The service performs pre-migration checks to catch potential issues early. It also helps us set up data sync between source and target databases during cutover.
Migration Strategy
A solid migration strategy is key to a successful Azure move. We start by assessing our current environment and setting clear goals.
Next, we choose the right migration approach. Options include:
- Rehost (lift-and-shift)
- Refactor (minor code changes)
- Rearchitect (major app updates)
- Rebuild (create new cloud-native apps)
We prioritize which workloads to migrate first. It’s often best to start with less critical apps to gain experience.
Testing is crucial. We create a migration plan with thorough testing at each stage. This helps us catch issues before they impact production.
DevOps on Azure
Azure DevOps offers a set of tools to help teams plan, build, and deploy software. We’ll explore key features that enable smooth collaboration and efficient delivery.
Azure Repos
Azure Repos provides version control for your code. It supports both Git and Team Foundation Version Control (TFVC). With Git, you can create branches, review code, and merge changes easily.
Azure Repos integrates well with other Azure DevOps services. This makes it simple to link code to work items and build pipelines.
Teams can use pull requests to discuss and review code changes. This helps maintain code quality and share knowledge among team members.
Azure Boards
Azure Boards helps teams plan and track work. It offers various work item types like user stories, tasks, and bugs.
Teams can use Kanban boards to visualize workflow. This makes it easy to see what’s in progress and what’s done.
Azure Boards also provides sprint planning tools. These help teams estimate work and track progress during development cycles.
Custom dashboards let teams monitor key metrics. This helps in making data-driven decisions about project progress.
Azure Artifacts
Azure Artifacts allows teams to share code packages. It supports various package types including NuGet, npm, and Maven.
Teams can create private feeds to store their packages. This ensures only authorized users can access sensitive code.
Version control for packages helps manage dependencies. Teams can easily update or rollback to specific versions as needed.
Azure Artifacts integrates with Azure Pipelines. This allows for automatic package creation and publishing during builds.
Azure Test Plans
Azure Test Plans helps teams manage the testing process. It supports manual and exploratory testing.
Teams can create test plans and test suites. This organizes tests and ensures thorough coverage of features.
Test cases can be linked to user stories or bugs. This provides traceability between requirements, code, and tests.
Azure Test Plans offers a web-based test runner. Testers can easily execute tests and record results without leaving the browser.
Automated testing is also supported. Teams can integrate automated tests into their CI/CD pipelines for faster feedback.
Machine Learning and AI
Machine learning and AI are key parts of Azure’s offerings. We can use these tools to build smart apps and systems that learn from data.
Azure provides many services for ML and AI projects. Some popular ones include:
- Azure Machine Learning
- Azure Cognitive Services
- Azure Bot Service
With Azure Machine Learning, we can train and deploy ML models. It has tools for data prep, model building, and putting models into use.
Azure Cognitive Services gives us pre-built AI models. These can add things like vision, speech, and language understanding to apps.
For chatbots and virtual agents, Azure Bot Service is very useful. It lets us create bots that can talk with users naturally.
ML and AI skills are in high demand for Azure roles. Knowing how to use these services is valuable. We can start by learning the basics of ML concepts and Python coding.
Hands-on practice is important too. We can try out Azure’s ML and AI services with free trials. This helps build real-world experience.
As AI grows, these skills will only become more crucial for Azure pros. Staying up to date with new AI features in Azure is key.
Internet of Things (IoT) on Azure
Azure offers powerful tools for IoT projects. We can use these to connect devices and gather data. Azure IoT Hub is the main service for this.
With IoT Hub, we can manage millions of devices. It handles two-way communication between devices and the cloud. This lets us send commands and receive data securely.
Azure IoT Central helps us build IoT apps fast. It offers pre-built templates and easy device management. We can use it without deep technical skills.
For edge computing, Azure IoT Edge is key. It runs AI and analytics on devices, even offline. This saves bandwidth and speeds up responses.
Azure Digital Twins creates virtual models of real things. We can use it to simulate and predict behaviors of devices or environments.
Here are some key Azure IoT services:
- Azure IoT Hub
- Azure IoT Central
- Azure IoT Edge
- Azure Digital Twins
- Azure Sphere (for secure IoT devices)
These tools work together to create complete IoT solutions. We can collect data, analyze it, and act on insights in real-time.
Azure also offers strong security for IoT. This includes device-to-cloud encryption and identity management. We can trust our IoT data and devices are safe.
Azure Support and Troubleshooting
Azure offers many tools to help users solve problems. We can use Azure Monitor to track our resources and spot issues early. This service lets us set up alerts for potential problems.
The Azure Portal has a built-in troubleshooter. It guides us through common fixes for various services. We can also check the Azure status page to see if there are any known outages.
For more help, we can turn to Azure Support. They offer different plans based on our needs. Basic support is free for all users. It gives access to billing help, online resources, and community forums.
Developer support is good for testing and non-critical workloads. Standard support works well for production environments. Professional Direct offers the fastest response times and proactive guidance.
We can open support tickets through the Azure Portal. It’s important to provide clear details about the problem. This helps the support team resolve issues faster.
Azure also has a large community of users and experts. We can find answers to many questions on forums like Stack Overflow. Microsoft Learn offers free courses to improve our Azure skills and troubleshooting abilities.
Which certifications are available for Azure, and which should I pursue for my career path?
Microsoft offers many Azure certifications. They range from fundamental to expert levels. Popular options include Azure Fundamentals (AZ-900) for beginners and Azure Developer Associate (AZ-204) for developers. Meanwhile, IT pros often pursue Azure Administrator Associate (AZ-104). The right choice depends on your role and goals.
How can I effectively showcase my Azure technical skills on a resume?
List specific Azure services you’ve worked with. Mention projects where you used Azure and include any certifications you’ve earned. Also, quantify your achievements, like cost savings or performance improvements. Lastly, use action verbs to describe your Azure experience. Keep it concise and relevant to the job you’re applying for.
What are the core principles that govern Microsoft Azure’s architecture?
Azure is built on key principles. These include high availability, scalability, and security. It uses a global network of data centers. Azure supports multiple programming languages and frameworks. It also offers both Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS) options. Lastly, the architecture emphasizes cost-effectiveness and easy management.
What training resources are recommended for gaining proficiency in Azure?
Microsoft Learn offers free, self-paced Azure courses, making it a great starting point. Meanwhile, paid options include instructor-led training from Microsoft partners. Online platforms like Pluralsight and Udemy have Azure courses too. Lastly, hands-on labs are crucial for practical experience, and the Azure documentation is also a valuable resource for learning.
What is the importance of Azure Skills Challenge in learning Azure technologies?
Azure Skills Challenge is a program by Microsoft. It offers structured learning paths for Azure, and participants complete modules and earn points. It’s a fun way to build Azure skills, and the challenges cover various Azure topics. They help learners stay motivated and track progress, and many find it useful for exam prep too.
What in-demand Azure skills are organizations looking for in candidates?
Cloud architecture is highly sought after. Skills in Azure security and compliance are crucial.
Experience with Azure DevOps is valuable. Knowledge of Azure AI and machine learning is growing in demand.
Proficiency in Azure data services is important. Skills in Azure networking and identity management are also key.
Organizations often look for candidates who can optimize Azure costs.
